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| Characteristics of Physical Layer Optimization Problems |
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| Performance lower than baseline |
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| Exceeding cable design limits, poor quality cabling and connections |
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| Noise |
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| Collisions |
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| Other data transmission issues |
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| Resources |
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| Utilization |
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| Console messages |
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| Identifying Physical Layer Problems |
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| Power related |
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| Cabling faults – CAT5 |
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| Cabling faults – fiber and coax |
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| Hardware |
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| Collision based problems – shared media |
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| Configuration script errors |
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| CPU overload |
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| Isolating Physical Layer Problems |
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| Methodology |
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| Tools for the job |
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| Bad cabling |
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| Cabling incorrect |
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| Operational statistics |
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| Implementing Physical Layer Solutions |
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| Solving common problems – Methodology |
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| ARP commands |
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| Solving common problems – Windows, UNIX/Mac OS end-system commands |
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| Solving common problems – Cisco IOS commands |
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| Redundancy |
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| Solving common problems – support resources |
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