Overview of Standardization
Standardization of
networking functions has done much to further the development of affordable,
interoperable networking products. This is true for wireless products as well.
Prior to the development of standards, wireless systems were plagued with low
data rates, incompatibility, and high costs.
Standardization provides all of the following benefits:
- Interoperability among the products of multiple vendors
- Faster product development
- Stability
- Ability to upgrade
- Cost reductions
It is important to understand the two primary types of standards. A
public standard has not been approved by an official standards organization,
but is recognized as a standard because of its widespread use. It is also
called a de facto standard. Often, an official standards group will later adopt
de facto standards.
An official standard is published and controlled by
an official standards organization such as the IEEE. Most official standards
groups are funded by government and industry, which increases cooperation and
implementation at the national and international level. For this reason most
companies should deploy wireless products that follow official standards.
Officially approved standards are called de jure standards. Some important
standards organizations are shown in Figure
.
When
deploying devices from multiple vendors, it is important that all devices
conform to the same standard to ensure interoperability. For example,
compliance with the current 802.11b standard can create a functional WLAN,
regardless of the manufacturer of the product. Product performance,
configuration, and manageability are not always the same, or equal, across
vendors. Figure
demonstrates interoperability in a Basic Service Set (BSS) environment.
A common issue in mobile environments will be multi-vendor NICs attempting
to access a different brand of access point. For instance, a company uses brand
A products in the accounting department, whereas roaming users from the IS
department use brands B and C. Utilizing products that adhere to the 802.11b
standard will help eliminate most interoperability issues. Roaming, security,
and manageability issues may still present challenges.