Site Survey
Site survey considerations

Because of differences in component configuration, placement, and physical environment, every infrastructure application is a unique installation. Before installing the system, a site survey should be performed in order to determine the optimum utilization of networking components and to maximize range, coverage, and infrastructure performance. Figure shows some operating and environmental conditions that need to be considered:

  • Data Rates – Coverage is inversely proportional to data bit rates. The maximum radio range is achieved at the lowest workable data rate. There will be a decrease in receiver threshold as the radio data rate increases.
  • Antenna Type and Placement – Proper antenna selection and installation is a critical factor in maximizing radio range. As a general guide, range increases in proportion to antenna height and gain.
  • Physical Environments – Clear or open areas provide better radio range than closed or filled areas.
  • Obstructions – A physical obstruction such as shelving or a pillar can hinder the coverage of the wireless system. Avoid locating the computing device and antenna in a location where there is a barrier between the sending and receiving antennas.
  • Building Materials – Radio penetration is greatly influenced by the building material used in construction. For example, drywall construction allows greater range than concrete blocks.
  • Line of Sight – A clear line of sight must be maintained between wireless bridge antennas. Any obstructions may impede the performance or prohibit the ability of the wireless bridge to transmit and receive data. Directional antennas should be placed at both ends at the appropriate elevation with maximum path clearance.