Chapter 13: System Processes and Memory Management

Commands:

Command Description Examples
kill The kill utility sends a signal to the process or processes specified by each pid operand. -9

$ kill -9 100 -165
$ kill -s kill 100 -165
pgrep The pgrep utility examines the active processes on the system and reports the process Ids of the processes whose attributes match the criteria specified on the command line. Obtain the process ID of sendmail:

$ pgrep -x -u root sendmail
283

pkill searches for the process to kill Terminate the most recently created xterm:

$ pkill -n xterm

ps The ps command prints information about active processes. -e, -f, -u

$ ps

sleep The sleep utility will suspend execution for at least the integral number of seconds specified in the time operand $ sleep 60&