last

The last command displays the login and log out information about users and terminals.

Last Line Mode

When using the vi text editor, the last-line mode is the mode in which you can type advanced editing commands and perform searches. This mode is entered in a variety of ways (most commonly with a colon, a slash, or a question mark) all of which place you at the bottom of the screen.

Latency

Latency is the length of time before a file gets to the location where it can be used.

Link

A link is a mechanism that allows several file names to refer to a single file on the hard disk.

Local Variables

Local variables are variables which are in effect only in the current shell. Any shells or processes spawned from the current shell will not inherit local variables. Typically, local variables are created on the command line. These variables are lost once you log out of the system.

Logging Device

The logging device is the part of the trans metadevice device used to log all transactions. In the event of a failure all lost work may be reconstructed assuming that the logging device is not destroyed.

Logical Device Names

Logical device names are used by system administrators or users to access the disk (partitions) and tape devices for such tasks as mounting and backing up file systems.

Sun systems use the following naming conventions to describe the logical device name for a disk device connected to a bus-oriented controller such as the small computer system interface (SCSI) and the Intelligent Peripheral Interface (IPI).

/dev/[r]dsk/cwtxdys< i>z

Where:
w is the controller number
x is the target number
y is the disk number
z is the slice or partition number

Example:

# ls -l /dev/dsk/c0t3d0s0

Logical device names are stored in the /dev/directory in subdirectories containing both character and block devices. All logical device names are symbolic links to the physical device names in the /devices directory.

login

The login is used to sign on to the system. A login consists of a login ID (username) and a valid password.

Login Device

There are three different login devices. console represents a screen device used to display system boot and error messages. This device is usually a workstation's display monitor. pts is a pseudo device that represents a login or window session without a physical device. Remote logins are represented by this type of device. Login Device devices are ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) terminals. ASCII terminals are serial input/output devices that display text one line at a time.

Logical Device Names

Logical device names are used by system administrators or users to access the disk (partitions) and tape devices for such tasks as mounting and backing up file systems.

Sun systems use the following naming conventions to describe the logical device name for a disk device connected to a bus-oriented controller such as the small computer system interface (SCSI) and the Intelligent Peripheral Interface (IPI).

/dev/[r]dsk/cwtxdys< i>z

Where:
w is the controller number
x is the target number
y is the disk number
z is the slice or partition number

Example:

# ls -l /dev/dsk/c0t3d0s0

Logical device names are stored in the /dev/directory in subdirectories containing both character and block devices. All logical device names are symbolic links to the physical device names in the /devices directory.

login File

The $HOME/.login file is an initialization file which is executed after the /etc/.login file and $HOME/.cshrcm when logging into the C shell. The .login file is executed once at the beginning of each session. The file should contain commands that you want to execute once at the beginning of each session. The $HOME/.login is copied from the /etc/skel/local.login file by admintool upon creating the new user account.

Login ID

The login ID is the account name for the user on the system established by the system administrator. This is also known as the username.

lp

The lp command is used to send print requests to a printer(s).

lpadmin

lpadmin configures the line printer (LP) print service by defining printers and devices. It is used to add and change printers, to remove printers from service, to set or change the system default destination, and to define alerts for printer faults.

lpmove

The lpmove command moves requests that were queued by lp from one print queue to another.

lpq

The lpq command is used to display the print queue to determine the status of print jobs.

lpstat

The lpstat command is used to display information about the current status of the LP print service including the status of print jobs.

ls

The ls command is used to list the contents of a directory.

LWP

Creating and executing independent processes normally involves considerable overhead. Lightweight processes (LWP) are provided to take advantage of multitasking capabilities without incurring the overhead of separate processes. LWPs belong to the same process and occupy the same address space.